Five Basics Every Cook Should Know

I was recently posed this question: What are the fivekeep it from sticking because the underside will coat
basics that every cook should know? It struck me aswith the fat. Then watch the side of the food. You
a great question and also gave me pause for muchcan see it change color as it cooks through and you
thought. Only five! What to choose? In response, Iwill have a good sense of when it is cooked through.
came up with the following list. If you begin byYou can double check with a food thermometer
concentrating on these five things, you will have a(especially important in the case of chicken). By
great start!learning to sauté, you will get a great sense of
1. Basic chopping methods or how to use a knife. Thiswhen food is done and you will not overcook it.
is so important. As a chef, I always think about3. How to choose the freshest ingredients. The best
speed of preparation and great knife skills can helpway to learn this is to really look when you go to the
you to work quickly, which drastically cuts yourgrocery store. Notice wrinkles, mold - evidence of
preparation time. In a restaurant, this is crucial for thedrying. Grocery stores practice FIFO or First In, First
bottom line, but also at home, it helps you to cut theOut. When they stock the shelves, they put the
time spent in the kitchen and fulfills the need tofreshest things behind those that need to be sold
confidently prepare a meal quickly.first, so reach to the back.
Beyond that and even more important, it can helpMeat shouldn't smell or be a brown color. Fish should
keep you from cutting yourself. Let's take abe firm. Vegetables should be colorful, not spotty and
vegetable for example. When cutting, everythingfirm. Especially check around the stems. Many of
must be stable. First, stabilize your cutting board. Wetthem rot there first. If there is rot on a vegetable in
a cloth and put it on the counter; then put yourthe pile, move on because it has probably spread to
cutting board on top of it to keep your board fromothers and they will spoil quickly.
slipping. Next, make sure everything else is dry. You4. How to spice. Especially teach yourself the power
don't want a wet handle causing your hand to slipof salt and lemon. They are the two things that kick
across the blade of the knife or a wet vegetable toup flavor more than anything else. Make some
cause your knife to slip to who knows where.mashed potatoes. Divide them into small portions.
The first cut you make should create a flat spot soFirst add salt until it is overpowering. Then take a
you can then turn your vegetable so that spot isnew portion. Add the salt, then the pepper until it's
against the board. This stabilizes the vegetable - andoverpowering. Do the same exercise adding lemon as
now you can slice through it without so much worrythe third ingredient. You will quickly learn how each
about slippage. With each additional cut, make sureaffects the overall taste and how they work
the flat side is next to the cutting board.together to make a beautiful blend. It will be easy to
2. How to properly sauté. This is a quick and easytranslate this to an entire dish. As you spice a larger
method of cooking. It has taken a bad rap becausedish, just imagine it as the whole of its portions.
people feel like it adds a lot of fat. If you do it5. And last but not least... Sanitation. Read about it.
properly, though, you don't need to add any moreLearn it. You know how important cleanliness is while
fat than you would if you were baking or grilling evencooking, but do you know what the biggest factors
though they are thought to be healthier methods ofare that cause foodborne illness? Do you know how
cooking. Sautéing is quick, easy, and a methodlong you can keep cooked food in your refrigerator
where it's easy to see when your food is properlybefore it goes bad? Do you know how long various
cooked. When you sauté, you have a lot ofproducts can sit at room temperature before you
control.are compromising your dish? You can make the best
Start by sautéing one piece of meat or fish in atasting food in the world, but if you make everyone
small frying pan. Add a little oil. Get it hot, then slowlysick you have more than defeated your purpose.
tilt the pan and slide the food into the pan. This will